高考阅读理解_高考阅读理解答题技巧

1.高考英语阅读理解答题技巧

2.高考英语阅读理解题及参考答案

3.高考英语阅读理解类型

4.高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧

5.高考英语阅读理解解题技巧

高考英语阅读理解秒杀法

　大家在复习备考过程中一定要了解高考，最好能在只看答案的情况下排除一些错误选项。为了帮助广大考生提高答题效率和阅读理解正确率，我为你整理了高考，希望对您有所帮助!

　 英语阅读理解秒杀法

　 1.细节题型

　提问方式Wh-特殊问句; From the text...,According to...,True/not true,划线词语、句子，简单计算、排列事件顺序、识图等。

　解题方法抓住提问中的关键字眼，仔细阅读相关细节的材料内容，一般可以在短文中直接找到或稍加归纳就可以找到正确答案。

　注意排除下列干扰项：

　(1)扩缩范围

　文章为了表达得准确严密，很注意对范围的限定。有的是通过加上相应的词语限制，如涉及到数量时常用many,almost all,nearly,more than,over,only a few,normally等限制.有些干扰项是通过改变或去掉限定词语，甚至是扩大或缩小了语言范围。

　(2)偷换概念

　命题者设计试题时往往把原文的概念偷换成另一个不同的概念。望文生义是造成错误的主要原因。

　(3)正误并存

　在一干扰项中，某个句子或词语是正确的，其他分句或词语是错误的或表达不全面，正误并存，命题者借此以假乱真。要排除这类干扰项，只要一个选项局部有误或选项不全面，都属排除的干扰项。

　 2.主旨大意题型

　提问方式What' s the topic/subject of the text/the second paragraph?

　What is stated in...? The text is cheifly concerned with___。

　解题方法

　(1)最常用的方法是仔细研读短文的1、2两句-----即短文的主题句，或辅以阅读各段的第1、2句----即段落中心句。此方法多适用于说明文、议论文。

　(2)记叙文等需要通读全文，抓住关键事或论题来归纳意思(常说明一个道理)。

　(3)全文末尾(段)找答案。此类文章的特点是以列举事实开头，通过论证，最后阐述核心观点。

　在处理文章标题的选择时，要避免下列三种错误：①概括不够(多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小);②过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围);③以事实或细节代替抽象具体的大意。

　 3.推理判断题型

　提问方式

　The story suggests that___________. It can be inferred that___________。

　The story implies that ___________. It can be concluded that ___________。

　We can learn that___________。

　解题方法推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。学生不仅要弄懂文章的字面意思，更重要的是要知道文章的潜在涵义。

　注意点

　(1)那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。

　(2)推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知;作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。

　(3)不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法;不要脱离原文主观臆断。

　 4.词义猜测题

　①利用构词法猜词;

　②利用语境及逻辑关系猜词。有时完全可以利用上下文语境和前后句之间的并列、因果、转折、对比、解释定义和举例等关系来猜测词义。同时特别留心某些词语，

　例如：or, that is, in other words, including, although, but, or, even if, on the other hand, on the contrary, other than, rather than, more than, instead of等词语之后的内容。

　 英语阅读理解解题思路技巧

　 1. 浏览试题，明确要求。

　在阅读文章前，最好先浏览一下文章后面的题干和选项。知道了问题后再去看文章，可使思路更敏捷，而且也便于阅读时留意文中出现的与选项有关的信息。

　 2. 通读全文，抓住主要内容，要在不影响理解的前提下，尽可能地阅读以便在尽可能短的时间内理解文章或段落的内容。

　阅读时，如遇到不熟悉的`单词、词组或一时看不懂的句子，不要停下来苦思冥想，继续读下去，通过上下文的词语和句子可能就理解了。

　 3. 抓住中心思想和段落大意。

　通读全文时，要特别注意主题句。每篇文章或每个段落都有与文章有关的句子，尤其是科技、政论性文章的主题句一般都在文章的开 头或结尾，插在中间的很少。

　所以，文章的第一段或开头的第(一)二个句子往往包含着文章的中心思想、作者的意图或全文的概述，因此要特别注意，彻底理解。

　 4. 有针对性地仔细阅读，找寻所需信息。

　在前面的基础上，可进行有针对性地阅读了。把与问题无关的内容一扫而过，而对于和问题有关的内容认真阅读，还可以用笔在下面做出记号。再把这些信息与问题的要求结合起来，逐条分析，综合判断，找出正确答案。

　 5. 进行合理的推理判断。

　对文章有了全面的了解之后，可以按照文章要求以及上下文之间的关系，做出推理判断。在进行推理判断的时候，需要综合考虑句型、语法、句子之间的逻辑关系、文化背景等方面的因素。

　 6. 认真复读，验证答案。

　要用全文的中心思想统帅各个题目,研究其内在联系和逻辑关系,并依次审核那些还未打上的题目,确保理解无误.

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高考英语阅读理解答题技巧

　阅读是一种主动的过程，是由阅读者根据不同的目的加以调节控制的,陶冶人们的情操，提升自我修养。阅读是一种理解、领悟、吸收、鉴赏、评价和探究文章的思维过程。阅读可以改变思想、获取知识，从而可能改变命运。下面为大家带来了高考英语阅读理解带答案，欢迎大家参考阅读！

　Any mistake made in the printing of a stamp raises its value to stamp collectors. A mistake on one inexpensive postage stamp has made the stamp worth a million and a tops. The mistake was made more than a hundred years ago in the British colony of Mauritius, a small island in the Indian Ocean. In 1847 an order for stamps was sent to a London printer — Mauritius was to become the fourth country in the world to issue stamps.Before the order was filled and delivered, a ball was planned at Mauritius’ Government House, and stamps were needed to send out the invitations. A local printer was instructed to copy the design for the stamps. He accidentally inscribed the words “Post Office” instead of “Post Paid” on the several hundred stamps that he printed.Today there are only twenty-six of these misprinted stamps left fourteen One Penny Orange-Reds and twelve Two Penny Blues. Because of the Two Penny Blue’s rareness and age, collectors have paid as much as ＄16 800 for it.

　1. Over a century ago, Mauritius _______.

　A. was an independent country

　B. belonged to India

　C. was one of the British colonies

　D. was a small island in the Pacific Ocean

　2. The mistake on the stamps was made _______.

　A. in Mauritius

　B. at Mauritius Government House

　C. in a post office

　D. in London

　3. Stamp collectors have paid 16 800 for _______.

　A. fourteen One Penny Orange-Reds

　B. twelve Two Penny Blues

　C. one One Penny Orange-Red

　D. one Two Penny Blue

　答案与解析 本文讲述的是本来不值钱的邮票由于印刷错误却使其价值倍增。

　1. C。事实细节题。根据第2段第1句… more than a hundred years ago in the British colony of Mauritius, a small island in the Indian Ocean可知答案为C。

　2. A。事实细节题。根据第2段第1句The mistake was made more than a hundred years ago in the British colony of Mauritius可知答案选A。

　3. D。事实细节题。根据文章最后一句Because of the Two Penny Blue’s rareness and age, collectors have paid as much as $16 800 for it 可知答案为D。

　拓展：高考英语阅读理解攻略

　一、细节题型

　提问方式

　Wh-特殊问句; From the text…，According to…，True/not true,划线词语、句子，简单计算、排列事件顺序、识图等。

　解题方法

　抓住提问中的关键字眼，仔细阅读相关细节的材料内容，一般可以在短文中直接找到或稍加归纳就可以找到正确答案。

　注意排除下列干扰项：

　(1)扩缩范围

　文章为了表达得准确严密，很注意对范围的限定。有的是通过加上相应的词语限制，如涉及到数量时常用many,almost all,nearly,more than,over,only a few,normally等限制。有些干扰项是通过改变或去掉限定词语，甚至是扩大或缩小了语言范围。

　(2)偷换概念

　命题者设计试题时往往把原文的概念偷换成另一个不同的概念。望文生义是造成错误的主要原因。

　(3)正误并存

　在一干扰项中，某个句子或词语是正确的，其他分句或词语是错误的或表达不全面，正误并存，命题者借此以假乱真。要排除这类干扰项，只要一个选项局部有误或选项不全面，都属排除的干扰项。

　二、主旨大意题型

　提问方式

　What' s the topic/subject of the text/the second paragraph?

　What is stated in…? The text is cheifly concerned with_______。

　解题方法

　(1)最常用的方法是仔细研读短文的1、2两句-----即短文的主题句，或辅以阅读各段的第1、2句----即段落中心句。此方法多适用于说明文、议论文。

　(2)记叙文等需要通读全文，抓住关键事或论题来归纳意思(常说明一个道理)。

　(3)全文末尾(段)找答案。此类文章的特点是以列举事实开头，通过论证，最后阐述核心观点。

　在处理文章标题的`选择时，要避免下列三种错误：

　①概括不够(多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小);②过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围);③以事实或细节代替抽象具体的大意。

　三、推理判断题型

　提问方式

　The story suggests that___________. It can be inferred that_____________.

　The story implies that _____________. It can be concluded that __________.

　We can learn that _______________.

　解题方法

　推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。学生不仅要弄懂文章的字面意思，更重要的是要知道文章的潜在涵义。

　注意点

　(1)那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。

　(2)推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知;作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。

　(3)不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法;不要脱离原文主观臆断。

　四、词义猜测题

　①利用构词法猜词;

　②利用语境及逻辑关系猜词。有时完全可以利用上下文语境和前后句之间的并列、因果、转折、对比、解释定义和举例等关系来猜测词义。同时特别留心某些词语，例如：or, that is, in other words, including, although, but, or, even if, on the other hand, on the contrary, other than, rather than, more than, instead of等词语之后的内容。

高考英语阅读理解题及参考答案

如果是说考场上的话，阅读因为是有四篇，再加七选五。阅读整体上而言，比如说这40分能不能拿到手，其实有一些优秀的孩子，他们完全可以拿满分的。 我也曾经跟很多优秀的孩子平时有沟通，其实得到的信息无非就是说：第一、这些学生你会发现他本身的词汇量基础是很大的，虽然阅读考查很多能力，比如说你掌握信息的能力、阅读速度，阅读速度也是考查之一。另外，比如说你推断的能力、概括的能力，这些都是阅读题考查的，但是其实最最重要的还是学生的词汇量基础如何。就是如果你的词汇量、你的阅读理解能力很强，所以阅读这一块应该不会成为太大的问题。

　当然这应该是我们在高一、高二、高三这三年的过程中不断训练的。但是在高考的考场上来说，阅读这部分，如果我们想尽可能少的失分，因为毕竟每道题两分，少的失分的话，它还是有一些技巧的。就是我们需要去分析清楚，当然我们一般推荐学生在高考的时候，非七选五的阅读题，我们一般做题方法就是先题后文，就是你一定要先看问题，然后看完问题看选项，然后你大概就知道你应该去找什么样的信息，这样的话，你回到原文去，再有目的地去阅读。当然我也发现，最近有些高二升高三的孩子，他们在做高考阅读的时候，他们也会出现各种各样的问题，包括高三现在的学生，他们有的时候会跳读，可能之前老师要求很多学生要去跳读，因为这样会读得很快，但是有些孩子因为跳读没有规律，所以他往往中间会丢失很多信息，这样就会直接导致你考试的时候失分。

　所以，阅读这个部分，按理说他是可以能够拿满分的一个部分。所以，如果能够保证这样的话，我觉得第一点、时间分配要清楚，比如说阅读题，你一定要限制在每篇阅读6-7分钟，不能再超了，因为再超了，你其他的时间就没有了。另外一个，一定要分题型，就是如果他是细节题，就一定要上文章中去找细节，一定要找到那句话，如果你没有找到那个出题点的话，你轻易地去选往往会出错。如果他是那种概括题的话，就一定要注意文章的首段、尾段、尾段的首句，这 样的文章细致地阅读，能够帮助我们的考生去把这样的题更好地去做对。

　而且还有一个特点，高考试卷有一个非常重要的做题方法，就是排除法，英语也是一样的、所有部分都适用、阅读也是，就是四个选项中，如果他是细节题，那当然不用说了，一定只有一个是正确答案。如果他是正误判断题呢，往往其中会有两个答案都是，你会觉得这两个答案都差不多、都很对，有两个肯定是不对的，和细节不符。所以这样的话，一定要用排除法，找出那两个，然后和文章中每一句逐句地去比较，然后细致地分析它的含义，这样的话才能够真正把那个真的东西找出来，我们说去伪存真，才能够把那个真正正确的答案找出来。

　所以，这些都是一些做阅读的一些小技巧，一定把这个题型分析清楚，把时间分配好，我觉得这是最重要的。

高考英语阅读理解类型

　在阅读过程中，为了既迅速又准确地理解代章的含义，利用信号词预测非常重要。信号词可以揭示句子内在关系或代章各部分之间的关系。特别是在快速阅读时，它能帮助考生预测代章信息，提高阅读速度。

　第一篇：

　Today just as technology changed the face of industry, farms have experienced an ?agricultural revolution?. On the farm of today, machines provide almost all the power.

　One of the most important benefits will be the farm computer. A few forward-looking farmers are already using computers to help them run their farms more efficiently. The computers help them keep more accurate records so they can make better decisions on what crops to plant, how much livestock (家畜) to buy, when to sell their products, and how much profit they can expect. Many computer companies have been developing special computer programs just for farmers. Programs are being written for pig producers, grain farmers, potato farmers, and dairy farmers. In the future, farmers will be able to purchase computer programs made to their needs. Because of the growing importance of computers on the farm, students at agricultural colleges are required to take computer classes in addition to their normal agricultural courses. There can be no doubt that farmers will rely on computers even more in the future. While the old-time farm depended on horse power, and modern farms depend on machine power, farms of the future will depend on computer power.

　Another technological advance which is still in the experimental stage is the robot, a real ?mechanized hired hand? that will be able to move and, in some ways, think like a human being. Agricultural engineers believe that computer-aided robots will make shocking changes in farming before the end of the century. Unlike farmers of the present, farmers of the future will find that many day-to-day tasks will be done for them. Scientists are now developing robots that will be able to shear (修剪) sheep, drive tractors, and harvest fruit. Even complex jobs will be done by robots. For example, in order to milk their cows, farmers must first drive them into the barn, then connect them to the milking machines, watch the machines, and disconnect them when they are finished. In the future, this will all be done by robots. In addition, when the milking is completed, the robots will automatically check to make sure that the milk is pure. The complete change of the farm is far in the future, but engineers expect that some robots will be used before long.

　1. According to the passage, computers can not help farmers decide _______.

　A. how much money they can earn from their products

　B. whether to plant a certain kind of crop

　C. what livestock to raise

　D. when to sell their products

　2. Which of the following statements is true?

　A. Farmers in the future will depend totally on computers.

　B. Farmers mainly use machines on their farms at present.

　C. Both computers and robots have been in use on today?s farms.

　D. Students at agricultural colleges needn?t take their normal agricultural courses.

　3.What is the best title for the whole passage?

　A. Computer, Farmers? Best Friend

　B. Farmers in The Future

　C. The Agricultural Revolution

　D. Computers and Robots

　第二篇：

　History is full of cases where dreams have been a pathway to creativity and discovery. A striking example is provided by Dr. Otto Loewi, a pharmacologist (药理学家) and winner of a Nobel Prize. Loewi had spent years studying the chemical transmission of nerve impulses (脉搏). A tremendous breakthrough in his research came when he dreamed of an experiment three nights in a row. The first two nights he woke up and wrote down the experiment quickly and untidily on paper. But the next morning, he couldn?t tell what the notes meant. On the third night, he got up after having the dream. This time, instead of making notes he went straight to his laboratory and performed the important experiment. Loewi later said that if the experiment had occurred to him while awake he would have rejected it.

　Loewi?s experiment gives some insight into using dreams to produce creative solutions. Nervous feelings are reduced during dreaming, which may be especially useful in solving problems that require a fresh point of view.

　Being able to take advantage of dreams for solving is improved if you ?set? yourself before retiring. Before you go to bed, try to think intently about a problem you wish to solve. Bury yourself in the problem by stating it clearly and reviewing all relevant information. Then use the suggestions listed in the previous section to catch your dreams. Although this method is not guaranteed to produce a novel solution or a new insight, it is certain to be an adventure. About half of a group of college students using the method for a week recalled a dream that helped them solve a personal problem.

　1. The main idea of this passage is that________.

　A. very little is really known about the meaning of dreams

　B. it is possible to "catch" one's dreams by planning before going to sleep

　C. dreams can be useful in producing creative solutions to one's problems

　D. Loewi's experiment helped in the study of transmission of nerve impulses

　2. The first paragraph is mainly organized by________.

　A. classifying types of experiments

　B. summarizing the work of one researcher

　C. comparing and exploring historical cases

　D. telling in time order about one man's researchf

　3. If Loewi had thought of the experiment while awake, he would have________.

　A. asked someone else to do it

　B. thought it was a bad idea

　C. tried it out on his own

　D. thought it was a wise idea

　4. The author probably thinks that________.

　A. Loewi should not have conducted his experiment

　B. dreaming is of very little value to most people

　C. inhibitions may stop someone thinking of useful ideas

　D. college students should not try out dream experiments

　5. The author seems to be in favor of________according to the passage.

　A. seeking creative solutions

　B. avoiding scientific experiments

　C. inhibitions before dreams

　D. becoming a famous scientist

　>>>>>>参考答案<<<<<<

　第一篇：

　1.C. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句中how many live-stock to buy可知表数量。

　2.B. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句可知。

　3.C. 主旨大意题。标题中关键词是 agricultural revolution.

　第二篇：1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A

高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧

高考英语阅读理解类型

　阅读理解是高考英语试卷中卷面分值最高的，为了方便考生们更好地复习英语，我在这里整理了高考英语阅读理解类型及答题技巧，希望能对考生们有所帮助!

　英语阅读文体类型简析

　高考英语阅读常见的文体类型有：记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文。

　[1]、记叙文。

　英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来;文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。

　[2]、议论文。

　英语议论文通常为三段式，即?论点、论据、结论?三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的.位置是理解议论文的关键。

　就议论文而言，其论证的常见结构方式有：

　1，总分式 总---分;分----总;总----分---总;

　2，并列式 几个论据之间属于平等关系;

　3，递进式 几个论据之间属于递进关系;

　4，对照式 把两种事物加以对比，以彰显其中一种。

　[3]、说明文。

　英语说明文的总体结构通常为三部份，说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结。常见的说明方法：

　1，定义与诠释说明;

　2，举例与引用说明;

　3，分类与图表说明;

　4，比较与比喻说明;

　5，分析与综合说明;

　就高考英语说明文的阅读而言，首先要抓住文章说明的要点，也就是要抓住被说明对象的实质性特征;弄清作者从哪个角度、哪个层面开始说明;并明白文章最后的说明结论。高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的写作手法、说明方法，理清短文结构及段落中心思想是答题关键。

　[4]、应用文。

　英语应用文属于实用型文体，如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细节的把握与理解，弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精读相结合的方法，力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。

　英语阅读理解答题技巧

　高考阅读理解常见的设题形式有：词义猜测题、主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理题和推断题。题型不同，答题技巧也就有差异。下面就不同题型的答题技巧作一点简分析。

　1、词义猜测技巧。

　这种题型要求对文章中的划线生词进行词义猜测。这类题型不仅要求具备一定构词法，而且也要求对上下文具有比较全面的理解。做词意猜测时，应注意划线生词后面的定语从句、同位语从句。定语从句、同位语从句通常用来解释生词的词意。另外，还要应注意生词后的标点符号，如逗号、破折号、引号、括号都可用于提示词意。有时，词意隐藏在全文或某一段中，这就需要把握文段的意境来加以透知该词的含义。

　To argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. Without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. Every single day，over one hundred animal species vanish. Scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the Earth?s species will become extinct.

　27.The underlined word ?vanish? in Paragraph 2 most probably means _____.

　A. remain B. disappear C. become rarer D. get killed

　2、抓主旨大意的技巧。

　一般来说，议论文的主旨大意要么在首段，要么在尾段。文章主旨位于首段时，其后的段落通常是演绎论证的过程;在段尾时，其前的段落通常是在摆事实、讲道理，最后归纳出全文主旨。说明文的主旨也通常位于首段;记叙文的主旨有的位于开首段(如新闻报道、时事经纬等文章的主旨均置于开场白的位置，达到开门见山、直奔主题的效果)，但大多数记叙文的主旨隐藏在文章之中，需理清文章脉络，挖掘文章内涵，把握作者意图。

　Zoos divide opinion：there are those who think it is cruel to keep animals locked up while others believe zoos are essential for the survival of endangered species.

　29. According to the passage some people do not agree with zoos because they _____.

　A. are too expensive to run B. put animals in danger

　C. do not provide enough food D. keep animals locked up

　3、推断题型答题技巧。

　推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间的语气及观点。

　To argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. Without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. Every single day，over one hundred animal species vanish. Scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the Earth?s species will become extinct.

　26. What?s the writer?s attitude towards zoos?

　A. He shows no opinion either for or against them.

　B. He thinks that they are unnecessary and cruel.

　C. He believes they play an important environmental role.

　D. He expresses a desire that more of them be built.

　4、细节题型的答题技巧。

　细节题型的解答通常是借助对文中的具体信息的查寻来解决。答题时要采取略读、扫读、析读和精读的办法从文中找出问题答案。细节题型多问及时间、地点、人物、数量和特征等。

　Some animals are in danger because they are hunted. Alarmingly, the population of tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent. Other species are in danger because of a lack of food. For example, there are fewer than 1300 giant pandas left in the wild.

　28. According to the passage the world?s tiger population _____.

　A. will rise by 5% next year B. is relatively stable

　C/ is 95% smaller than in the past D. has fallen to 95%

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高考英语阅读理解解题技巧

高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧

　导语：高考复习的重点一是要掌握所有的知识点，二就是要大量的做题，以下是我为大家精心整理的高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧，欢迎大家参考！

　 阅读理解之主旨大意题

　我们阅读一篇文章， 首先是要了解其大意， 明确其主旨。因此， 主旨大意题是常考题。主旨大意题包括：主要内容(main idea, mainly about)型、文章标题(title)型、写作目的(purpose)型。广东高考近几年来考查过的题目中mainly about只考过4题，title题考了5题， purpose题考了5题。

　 解题技巧

　 1.弄清文章的大意， 关键是找到主题句。

　主题句的位置：主题句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼应， 有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。各段的主题句也常在该段的首句或尾句。议论文和说明文一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有主题句，需要归纳。

　 2.找主题句的方法：用浏览法(skimming)，即

　快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。找主题句的四个小窍门：

　(1)段落中出现表转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually等)时， 该句很可能是主题句。

　(2)首段出现疑问句时， 对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。

　(3)作者有意识地反复重复的观点，通常是主旨;反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。

　(4)表示总结或结论的话常有therefore, thus, in short, conclude, conclusion等。

　 3.关于干扰项和正确答案。

　(1)干扰项可能属文中某个具体事实或细节;可能属文中某些 (不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论;可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。

　(2)正确答案：是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的;但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。

　 4.在阅读理解中，主旨大意题常有以下几种命题方式： (1)Main idea型：选择项多为陈述句，要求考生选择表达作者思想或观点的.句子。题干多为如下形式：

　①What's the main idea/point of the passage?

　②The passage is mainly about________.

　③The passage is mainly concerned about________.

　④Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?

　⑤Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage?

　⑥In this passage the author discusses primarily______.

　⑦The subject discussed in this text is________.

　⑧The general/main idea of the passage is about________.

　(2)Main purpose型：选择项多为动宾结构，要求考生找到主要的写作目的，常见以下几种题干形式：

　①What's the purpose of the passage?

　②The passage is meant to________.

　③The purpose of the article is to________.

　④In this passage the writer tries to tell us that________.

　⑤The passage tells us that________.

　⑥The author's main purpose in writing the passage is to ...

　(3)标题型：选择文章标题是另一类对主旨大意题考查的形式，命题形式：

　①The best title of the passage is________.

　②Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

　③The best title for the passage is________.

　④The most appropriate title of the passage is________.

　In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.

　 典型例析

　From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people...Often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness...But only when we stop

　pretending we're brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that's in them.

　30.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　A.A Wheelchair Experience.

　B.Weakness and Kindness.

　C.Weakness and Strength.

　D.A Driving Experience

　解析：主旨大意题。在第一段中，出现了表转折的But...可知，“But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people”便是主题句，再根据第二段最后一句可以确定，这句的确是主题句。又因标题要简明、醒目，故选B。

　 答案：B

　In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的)ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable

　products.In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.

　Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries....In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.

　45.What is the main purpose of the passage?

　A.To introduce a new business model.

　B.To compare two business models.

　C.To predict a change of the global market.

　D.To advocate sustainable development.

　解析：主旨大意题。在第一段中，出现了转折的Actually，其后的“People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed，and that we must be able to develop in sustainable(可持续的)ways”是主题句，随后的两句话都是对这一句进

　行解释;句中两个must清楚表明了作者“提倡可持续发展”，第二段首句“Today，sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries”进一步说明，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是“提倡可持续发展”。故选D。

　 答案：D

　Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it's nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don't care all that much. While the expression may not often

　be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.

　30.What is the best title of the passage?

　A.Have a Nice Day — a Social Custom

　B.Have a Nice Day — a Pleasant Gesture

　C.Have a Nice Day — a Heartwarming Greeting

　D.Have a Nice Day — a Polite Ending of a Conversation

　解析：主旨大意题。由该段的第一句(特别是custom一词)可知。

　 答案：A

　(2013年高考)Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.Children know this very well. Fred Epstein，in his book If I Make It to Five，tells a story he heard from one of friends about Tom，a fouryearold boy with a cancer in his back bone.He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination

　…

　It doesn't mean that you should dress as a superhero for you next job interview. But，next time you are tested in a way that seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it. Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first. So，let your imagination run wild，and dare to dream.

　30.What is the purpose of the passage?

　A.To tell us an interesting story.

　B.To help us make right decisions.

　C.To advise us to care about children.

　D.To encourage us to use our imagination.

　解析：主旨大意题。由文章首句Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear和全文末句So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励我们运用我们的想象力。

　 答案：D

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高考英语阅读大智慧：找到正确流程\x0d\:\x0d\　　在课堂内外常有学生问到一个问题：在高考阅读的解题中，到底应该先看题目还是先看文章。可以说，这是高考阅读教学中的经典问题之一。通常情况下，我的回答是“习惯是人生伟大的指南”。因为不管是什么样的解题顺序，首先你要养成一个正确的阅读习惯，在好的习惯的指引下，任何题型的文章你都可以融会贯通，点面俱到。\x0d\\x0d\　　通过长时间的高考阅读的研究和整理，我大体将目前学生的阅读流程分为三类：\x0d\\x0d\　　第一类：读文章——做题目——回头再读文章\x0d\\x0d\　　此为传统方法，命中率高，但速度稍慢。优点是能够迅速理解全文的主题脉络，连贯地进行信息的排查，缺点是由于人的记忆力有限，很多细节在做题时已经忘却，有不确定的地方仍需回到原文细细查找，寻找依据，耗时费力。这种方法的使用，需要较好的英文基础外加优秀的强记能力，一般使用于高分段的学生。\x0d\\x0d\　　不过，这种阅读流程的效果不单纯作用于考试，还可以切实提高英文阅读水平，对同学们大学以后的学习大有帮助。所以这种阅读顺序，我推荐给高一高二的学生在平时的阅读解题中大可以培养这种习惯，一方面确保准确率，第二稳步提升自己的英文阅读实力，但对于高三的同学，这种方法有些欠妥。由于复习时间的紧张，我们最好摒弃掉此类阅读习惯。\x0d\\x0d\　　第二类：读题目(题干+选项)—— 读文章 —— 做题目\x0d\\x0d\　　其实此类方法分两种，一种是只看题不看选项，即大致看看问题，然后带着问题再看文章;另一种是将题干和所有选择项看完，再看文章。第一种的优点是节约时间，缺点是由于不看选项，对于细节缺乏必要的把握，同样要返回文章找寻关键点，而且定位的时候没有精确的坐标;第二个就相对而言科学很多，优点是明了要重点注意的目标信息，有很好阅读的针对性，缺点是相对读文章的时间少了，难免断章取义缺少宏观的把握，容易陷入干扰选项设置的陷阱之中。\x0d\\x0d\　　对于高三的同学们，我还是建议多使用这种方法，方法虽有利弊，但对于时间紧张的你们，往往事半功倍。\x0d\\x0d\　　第三类：读主题——读题目—— 读全文——做题目\x0d\\x0d\　　个人认为这种方法较以上两种更为全面和严谨，而我在新东方的课堂的上也是建议给每位同学们练习这种方法，养成很好的阅读习惯。\x0d\\x0d\　　这种方法即先看懂各段首尾句或短文的第一段，大致明了文章的主题。此后细细地阅读题干推敲选项的大致设置，思考作者的行文规律和命题者的出题陷阱，然后带着已经在首尾句获得的信息和在题目中假设的思路回头进行有目的性的查找工作，准确率高且耗时相对较少。而我们现在的高考阅读文章均取自国内外的英文刊物，少有命题组自行行文的类型，此类文章逻辑严谨，结构清晰，所以气定神闲地先读完各段的首句再耐心的推敲考题选项的设置，往往会直接将四个选支排除掉一个或两个，这无疑对我们的解题帮助极大，减少了我们判断的压力轻松地将文章读完。\x0d\\x0d\　　高考阅读虽错综复杂，但是只要你养成很好的阅读习惯，加上一些必要的解题技巧是一定能征服它的。新东方流传一句话“得阅读者，得天下”，可见阅读是高考的重中之重，所以让我们一起努力吧，征服阅读，战胜高考。\x0d\\x0d\　　在课堂内外常有学生问到一个问题：在高考阅读的解题中，到底应该先看题目还是先看文章。可以说，这是高考阅读教学中的经典问题之一。通常情况下，我的回答是“习惯是人生伟大的指南”。因为不管是什么样的解题顺序，首先你要养成一个正确的阅读习惯，在好的习惯的指引下，任何题型的文章你都可以融会贯通，点面俱到。